Engine



Dec. 22, 1931'. H. M. LEONARD ENGINE Filed June 2. 1927 J WP Patented Dec. 22, 1931 p relatively fiat cone into all parts of the en' UNETED STATES HOWARD M. LEONARD, or sonrrr BEND, INDIANA, AssIGNOnro Gmnrmwfmaoa CORPORATION, or cnroaeo, ILLrNors,aconronArro FILmNors V V ENGINE Application filed. June 2, 1927. Serial no. 195,959.,

This invention relates to engines, and is illustrated as embodied in an internal combustion engine of the injection type, An obj ect of the invention is to provide improved means for injecting the fuel, and for providing for practically complete vaporization of each charge of fuel in a fluid medium such as air or exhaust gas. 7

Preferably means for compressing the fluid valve, illustrated as being of the mushroom type, and which directs the fuel charge in a gine cylinder. The above of the invention, including various novel and desirable features of construction, will be apparent from the following description of one illustrative embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings, in which: I

Figure 1 is a vertical section through the upper part of the engine cylinder and through the fuel-feeding means; and v a Figure 2 is a' side elevation, partly broken away in vertical section, of the lower part of the fuel-feeding plunger.

The illustrated engine includes. a watercooled cylinder 10, with the usual watercooled cylinder head 12 detachably arranged at its upper end, and containing the engine piston 14. Piston 14 has a central projec tion 16 at its upper end, thu s defining, when at the upper end of its stroke, an annular combustion spacelS. 7

Approximately at the center of thecylinder head 12, there is formed a compression chamber 20, having a communicating passage 22 extending toward the side of the cylinder head, and having the shape of an inverted cup of relatively large size andclosed by a valve 24, preferably of mushroom form, which and other objects and features serves when open to direct the charge of vaporized fuel in a relatively fiat cone into the combustion space 18, where it is ignited by the extremely hot compressed air in the engine cylinder; 7

At one side of the engine, a compression.

cylinder, communicating with passage 22 at its upper end, is formed partly in the wall of the engine cylinder 10 and partly in the cylinder head 12. In this compression cylinder is arranged anovel plunger including two sections 26and 28 (which may be urged apart if desired by short coil springs arranged between the, sections in registering sockets formed in their adjacent 'faces). At their lower ends, thesections are formed with registering semispherical sockets receiving the semispherical head 30 of a cam-actuated op-. erating plunger section 32, shown with piston rings 34. Above the flat upper surface of the head 30, is-arranged a packing 36 of hard Babbittmetal or thelike, which is compressed by the head 30 on each upward stroke, to seal the joint between the two sections 26 and 28 and to urge the sections apart against the wall This charge .isforced under considerable pressure into the chamber 20 on the upward stroke of the compression plunger.

While one illustrative embodiment hasbeen described in detail, it is not my intention to for example through a passage 38 controlledby a valve 40.

of the compression cylinder. On the downward stroke of thevcompression plunger, a j a limit the scope of the invention to that paricular embodiment, or otherwise than bythe' terms of the appendedclaims.

I claim':

prising, in combination, ,a cylinder head havlng a relatively largefuel mixture compression chamber in the form of an inverted cup at its center, a relatively large mushroom valve controlling the opening at the mouth of 1.v Fuel-feeding means for an engine com 2. An engine of the fuel injection type comprising, in combination, a cylinder and piston,

said cylinder havin a dome-shaped head provided with an axially positioned inverted cup-shaped compression chambercavity separated therefrom by an outwardly flaring valve mounted in the'headand convex onthe side toward the cylinder, and said piston provided with} an axially convex protuberance defining "an annular spacewithin the head I communicating withthe compression chamber cavity when the'valve is open.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name. V

H HOWARD M. LEONARD. 

